recombinant human interferon rhifn proteins  (R&D Systems)

Journal: EMBO Reports

Article Title: Human ZBP1 is a potent inducer of cell death through mechanisms divergent from mouse ZBP1

doi: 10.1038/s44319-026-00866-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Reagents and tools table

Article Snippet: Recombinant Human IFN-γ , ABclonal , Cat#RP01038.

Techniques: Recombinant, Sequencing, Magnetic Beads, Protease Inhibitor, Software, Microscopy, Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay

Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Elevated IgG levels induce an M2-to-M1 phenotypic shift in mucosal macrophages and restrict the growth of invasive sphenoid sinus pituitary adenomas

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2026.13878

Figure Lengend Snippet: IFN-γ suppresses tumor growth and invasion. (A) Cytokine profiling of co-culture supernatants via ELISAs: IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β and TNF-α. (B-D) Spatial expression patterns of IFN-γ. (B) Immunofluorescence imaging of the invasive front in SSIT, showing DAPI (blue), IBA-1 + macrophages (red) and IFN-γ + signals (green), and grayscale intensity distribution. (C) Immunofluorescence imaging of TIM and NIM, showing DAPI (blue), IBA-1 + macrophages (red) and IFN-γ + signals (green). (D) Quantification of relative IFN-γ expression in TIM and NIM. (E) Representative Ki-67 immunohistochemistry images of SSIT cases stratified into IFN-γ-high and IFN-γ-low groups (n=5 each; median split). (F) Quantification of Ki-67 index comparing the two groups. (G) EdU staining demonstrating dose-dependent suppression of TtT/GF pituitary adenoma cell proliferation by IFN-γ (0–100 ng/ml; 48 h). (H) Representative flow cytometry histograms for cell cycle analysis of cells treated with IFN-γ (0–100 ng/ml) in the absence (0 µM) or presence (5 µM) of ruxolitinib. (I) Stacked bar plot showing the percentages of cells in the G 1 , S and G 2 /M phases under the same treatment conditions. (A) One-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc multiple comparisons test. (D and F) Unpaired two-tailed Student's t-test. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001. CTRL, control; DMC, digested mucosal culture; EdU, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine; IBA-1, ionised calcium binding adaptor molecule 1; MTC, mucosal tissue culture; NIM, non-invaded mucosa; ns, not significant; PE-A, phycoerythrin-area; SSIT, sphenoid sinus-invasive tumor; TIM, tumor-invaded mucosa.

Article Snippet: Cells were maintained in serum-free DMEM and treated with IFN-γ (0–100 ng/ml; cat. no. RP01038; ABclonal Biotech Co., Ltd.), IL-6 (100 ng/ml; cat. no. RP00201; ABclonal Biotech Co., Ltd.) or a combination of IFN-γ and IL-6 (50 ng/ml each) at 37°C for 72 h, as indicated.

Techniques: Co-Culture Assay, Expressing, Immunofluorescence, Imaging, Immunohistochemistry, Staining, Flow Cytometry, Cell Cycle Assay, Two Tailed Test, Control, Binding Assay

Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Elevated IgG levels induce an M2-to-M1 phenotypic shift in mucosal macrophages and restrict the growth of invasive sphenoid sinus pituitary adenomas

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2026.13878

Figure Lengend Snippet: Elevated IgG levels drive macrophage M2-to-M1 reprogramming. (A) Sphenoid sinus-invasive tumor cases stratified into CD19-high (n=5) and CD19-low (n=5) groups based on the cohort median of CD19 + B cell density, with (B) quantitative analyses of macrophage polarization (M1-like versus M2-like). (C) Dural-invasive tumor and non-invasive tumor cases stratified into IgG-high (n=27) and IgG-low (n=26) groups based on the cohort median of relative IgG immunohistochemistry staining intensity, with (D) quantitative analyses of M1-like/M2-like macrophage proportions. (E and F) RAW264.7 macrophages were pre-polarized with IL-4 (20 ng/ml) or with lipopolysaccharide (100 ng/ml) plus IFN-γ (20 ng/ml) for 24 h, followed by IgG (10 µg/ml) exposure. Relative (E) IL-6 and (F) TNF-α mRNA expression in RAW264.7 macrophages pre-polarized to M0, M1 or M2 states. (G) Representative flow cytometric cell-cycle profiles of TtT/GF cells following the indicated treatments. (H) Stacked bar plot summarizing the percentages of cells from (G) in G 1 , S and G 2 /M phases. (I) Representative images from the scratch wound assay at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h under the indicated treatments. (J) Quantification of scratch wound closure. (K) Representative western blot images showing total STAT1, p-STAT1, total STAT3, p-STAT3 and β-actin levels in cells treated with IFN-γ (100 ng/ml), IL-6 (100 ng/ml), IFN-γ + IL-6 (50 ng/ml each), ruxolitinib (5 µM) or IFN-γ + IL-6 (50 ng/ml each) plus ruxolitinib (5 µM), as indicated. (L) Densitometric semi-quantification of p-STAT1/STAT1 (ratio). (B and D) Unpaired two-tailed Student's t-test. (E, F, J and L) One-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc multiple comparisons test. *P<0.05, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001. CTRL, control; IBA-1, ionised calcium binding adaptor molecule 1; ns, not significant; p-, phosphorylated; PE-A, phycoerythrin-area.

Article Snippet: Cells were maintained in serum-free DMEM and treated with IFN-γ (0–100 ng/ml; cat. no. RP01038; ABclonal Biotech Co., Ltd.), IL-6 (100 ng/ml; cat. no. RP00201; ABclonal Biotech Co., Ltd.) or a combination of IFN-γ and IL-6 (50 ng/ml each) at 37°C for 72 h, as indicated.

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry, Staining, Expressing, Scratch Wound Assay Assay, Western Blot, Two Tailed Test, Control, Binding Assay

Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Elevated IgG levels induce an M2-to-M1 phenotypic shift in mucosal macrophages and restrict the growth of invasive sphenoid sinus pituitary adenomas

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2026.13878

Figure Lengend Snippet: Anti-CD47 mAb enhances ADCP to suppress tumor cell proliferation. (A) Immunofluorescence staining of CD47 (red) and DAPI (blue) in a representative subset of non-invasive tumor, dural-invasive tumor and sphenoid sinus-invasive tumor cases (n=10 per group). (B) Paired comparison of CD47 fluorescence intensity at the IF versus the TC. (C) RAW264.7 macrophages were pre-polarized with IL-4 (20 ng/ml) or with lipopolysaccharide (100 ng/ml) plus IFN-γ (20 ng/ml) for 24 h, followed by anti-CD47 mAb (10 µg/ml) treatment for 12 h. Quantitative PCR was used to analyze polarization/activation markers. (D) Schematic illustrating anti-CD47 mAb-mediated blockade of the CD47-SIRPα axis and enhancement of ADCP. (E) EdU assay of TtT/GF cell proliferation in a Transwell co-culture with anti-CD47 mAb-treated polarized macrophages. (F) Quantification of EdU-positive cells. (G) Representative microscopy images and flow cytometry plots showing macrophage phagocytosis of pHrodo™ Red-labeled GFP-TtT/GF cells. (H) Quantification of phagocytosis (%). (B) Paired two-tailed Student's t-test. (C, F and H) One-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc multiple comparisons test. **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001. ADCP, antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis; Arg-1, arginase 1; EdU, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine; FcγR, Fcγ receptor; GFP, green fluorescent protein; IF, invasive front; mAb, monoclonal antibody; NOS2, nitric oxide synthase 2; ns, not significant; PE, phycoerythrin; SIRPα, signal regulatory protein-α; SSCA, side scatter area; TC, tumor core.

Article Snippet: Cells were maintained in serum-free DMEM and treated with IFN-γ (0–100 ng/ml; cat. no. RP01038; ABclonal Biotech Co., Ltd.), IL-6 (100 ng/ml; cat. no. RP00201; ABclonal Biotech Co., Ltd.) or a combination of IFN-γ and IL-6 (50 ng/ml each) at 37°C for 72 h, as indicated.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Comparison, Fluorescence, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Activation Assay, EdU Assay, Co-Culture Assay, Microscopy, Flow Cytometry, Labeling, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Elevated IgG levels induce an M2-to-M1 phenotypic shift in mucosal macrophages and restrict the growth of invasive sphenoid sinus pituitary adenomas

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2026.13878

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary graphic illustration. This illustration summarizes the proposed model during pituitary adenoma invasion. The tumor invasive front abuts an intact sphenoid sinus mucosa, forming a distinct boundary. The mucosal compartment is enriched for ionised calcium binding adaptor molecule 1-positive macrophages with an M1-like predominance and IgG-high B cells. B cell-derived IgG promotes M2-to-M1 macrophage reprogramming, while coordinated IFN-γ and IL-6 production establishes a tumor-suppressive cytokine gradient that decreases from mucosa toward the tumor core, constraining proliferation and migration via JAK-STAT1 activation. Therapeutically, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody blocks the CD47-SIRPα ‘don't-eat-me’ axis and augments antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis, highlighting a strategy for immune checkpoint-targeted therapy that may complement surgical management. FcR, Fc receptor; JAK, Janus kinase; mAb, monoclonal antibody; p-, phosphorylated; SIRPα, signal regulatory protein-α.

Article Snippet: Cells were maintained in serum-free DMEM and treated with IFN-γ (0–100 ng/ml; cat. no. RP01038; ABclonal Biotech Co., Ltd.), IL-6 (100 ng/ml; cat. no. RP00201; ABclonal Biotech Co., Ltd.) or a combination of IFN-γ and IL-6 (50 ng/ml each) at 37°C for 72 h, as indicated.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Derivative Assay, Migration, Activation Assay

Journal: Cell Reports Medicine

Article Title: Spatial tumor evolution panorama of ovarian cancer

doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102666

Figure Lengend Snippet: Tripartite ensemble structure and targeting of SPP1-CD44 axis (A) Cell-cell community network from all ST slices, inferred by MistyR; edges indicate strong spatial co-localization. (B) Representative mIHC of a metastasis sample showing DAPI (blue), PCK (green), FAP (purple), LRRC15 (brown), CD68 (red), and SPP1 (cyan). Scale bars: 500 μm and 20 μm (zoom). (C) SHG (red) and autofluorescence (green) imaging of ovarian cancer ascites. Scale bar, 10 μm. (D) Schematic workflow of uDISCO for imaging ovarian cancer ascites spheroids. (E) Representative uDISCO 3D imaging of PCK (green), LRRC15 (blue), and SPP1 (red). Scale bar, 10 μm. (F) Model of the tripartite ensemble structure of spheroids created on BioRender. (G) H&E staining of 12-h-cultured ascites spheroids treated with Angstrom6 (top) or control (bottom). Scale bar, 100 μm. (H) Quantification of spheroid numbers in five regions per sample (three patients). Each dot represents a region. (I) Spheroid diameters of SKOV3/CAOV3 treated with PBS, SPP1, SPP1+A6, or A6 alone at 6 h and 24 h. Each point represents one field of view. (J) Diagram of Angstrom6 intraperitoneal (i.p.) treatment in ID8 ovarian cancer model. (K) Bioluminescence imaging of control and Angstrom6-treated mice. (L) Tumor burden quantified from bioluminescence ( n = 9 per group). Each dot represents one mouse. (M) Diagram of SPP1-neutralizing antibody i.p. treatment in ID8 model. (N) Bioluminescence imaging of control and SPP1-antibody-treated mice. (O) Tumor burden quantified from bioluminescence ( n = 6 per group). Each dot represents one mouse. For (H, I, L, and O), center line represents mean. Student’s t test: ns: p > 0.05; ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001. See also and and .

Article Snippet: After overnight adherence, SKOV3 cells in both control and experimental group were cultured under hypoxic condition for 24 h. Then, 20ng/mL IFN-γ (Abclonal, RP01038) was added to the cells in the experimental group under a biosafety cabinet while the control group received no addition.

Techniques: Imaging, 3D Imaging, Staining, Cell Culture, Control